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Nearly all Bangladeshis

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Nearly all Bangladeshis Empty Nearly all Bangladeshis

Bài gửi  kosovohp Fri Nov 05, 2010 11:17 pm

Nearly all Bangladeshis speak Bengali as their mother tongue and it is the official language.[74] It is an Indo-Aryan language of Sanskrit origin with its own script. English is used as a second language among the middle and upper classes.[75] English is also widely used in higher education and the legal system. Historically, laws were written in English and translated into Bengali until 1987 when the procedure was reversed.[76] The Bihari population speaks Urdu, which was also the language associated with the government prior to separation from Pakistan.

Health and education levels remain relatively low, although they have improved recently as poverty levels have decreased. Most Bangladeshis continue to live on subsistence farming in rural villages. Health problems abound, springing from poor water quality and prevalence of infectious diseases. The water crisis is acute, with widespread bacterial contamination of surface water and arsenic contamination of groundwater.[77] Common diseases include malaria, leptospirosis and dengue. The literacy rate in Bangladesh rose to 53.5% in 2007.[78] There is a gender gap, as literacy rates among women are 81.9% those among men, but this is disappearing in the younger generation.[78] Among the most successful literacy programs are the Food for education (FFE) introduced in 1993,[79] and a stipend program for women at the primary and secondary levels.[80]
Religion in Bangladesh
Religion Percent
Islam

89.7%
Hinduism

9.2%
Buddhism

0.7%
Christianity

0.3%
Animism

0.1%

The main religion practiced in Bangladesh is Islam (89.7%), but a significant minority adheres to Hinduism (9.2%).[81] The majority of Muslims are Sunni. There is a small Shia and an even smaller Ahmadiyya community. Ethnic Biharis are predominantly Shia Muslims. Sufi influences in the region go back many centuries.[82] Other religious groups include Buddhists (0.7%, mostly Theravada), Christians (0.3%, mostly of the Roman Catholic denomination), and Animists (0.1%). Bangladesh has the fourth largest Muslim population after Indonesia, Pakistan, and India, with over 130 million. Bangladesh was founded as a secular state, but Islam was briefly made the state religion, before returning by decree of the High Court to the principles of its 1972 constitution.[83] The High Court also strengthened its stance against punishments by Islamic edict (fatwa), following complaints of brutal sentences carried out against women by extra-legal village courts.

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